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娃娃療法

娃娃療法 (Doll Therapy) ---
仿真娃娃(Reborn Dolls)在腦退化症照護中的應用與療效

仿真娃娃(reborn dolls、realistic dolls)近年在長者照護領域愈來愈受關注,尤其是在腦退化症(認知障礙症)患者的非藥物治療中,被視為一種具潛力的情緒與行為介入方式。這類「玩偶療法」(也稱娃娃療法, doll therapy)透過高度擬真的外觀與觸感,能為患者帶來安全感、穩定情緒,並減少焦慮與躁動。
 

仿真娃娃的主要好處

  • 降低焦慮與不安:研究指出,患者在抱持或照顧仿真娃娃時,情緒會更穩定,行為問題亦有機會減少。

  • 喚起育兒記憶:部分長者會因娃娃而喚起早年的照顧經驗,產生「被需要」的感覺,提升自我價值。

  • 促進社交與溝通:與娃娃互動能成為話題,讓患者更願意與護理人員或家屬交流。

  • 減少孤獨感:娃娃能成為情感寄託,提升患者的幸福感與安全感。

香港案例:青山醫院的「洋娃娃治療」
香港青山醫院老人科曾推行玩偶療法,觀察到患者會主動與娃娃互動,例如:

  • 與娃娃說話

  • 替娃娃梳頭、換衣服

  • 抱著娃娃入睡

 

這些行為能有效舒緩情緒、提升自信心,甚至改善日常生活參與度。部分仿真娃娃更具備聲效(如吮奶聲、打嗝聲),能進一步提升患者的專注力與投入感。

 

不只適用於長者:兒童醫療環境也受惠
仿真娃娃亦常用於兒科,例如:

  • 協助向兒童解釋治療流程

  • 陪伴住院兒童

  • 作為遊戲治療工具

 

其柔和、無威脅性的特質,能讓兒童更容易接受醫療環境。
 

注意事項:並非所有患者都適合
玩偶療法的效果因人而異,可能出現:

  • 引發負面回憶

  • 感到厭倦或抗拒

  • 過度依賴娃娃

 

因此,照護人員需以人為本的方式評估患者意願,並在適當時調整使用方式,確保療法帶來正面影響。

參考資料

  • AM730 (2016) 公仔涼茶舖妙緩腦退化

  • Youtube (2019) 孩子不哭了!醫生同時治療小女孩與洋娃娃|骨折治療

  • 公教報 (2020) [明愛] 當認知障礙症長者遇上娃娃療法

  • 香港01 (2021) 安老院引入首個東方面孔陪伴娃娃 冀助認知障礙症患者排解思念

  • 志為護理研究文章(2021):探討娃娃治療介入對長期照顧 機構住民憂鬱程度之影響

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